Clamp assembly for solar tracker

ABSTRACT

In an example, the solar tracker has a clamp assembly that is configured to pivot a torque tube. In an example, the assembly has a support structure configured as a frame having configured by a first anchoring region and a second anchoring region. In an example, the support structure is configured from a thickness of metal material. In an example, the support structure is configured in an upright manner, and has a major plane region. In an example, the assembly has a pivot device configured on the support structure and a torque tube suspending on the pivot device and aligned within an opening of the support and configured to be normal to the plane region. In an example, the torque tube is configured on the pivot device to move about an arc in a first direction or in a second direction such that the first direction is in a direction opposite to the second direction.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present invention is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S.application Ser. No. 15/974,553 filed May 8, 2018 (now U.S. Pat. No.10,985,690 issued Apr. 20, 2021), which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 14/489,416 filed Sep. 17, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No.10,008,975 issued Jun. 26, 2018), which is a continuation in part ofU.S. Ser. No. 14/101,273 filed Dec. 9, 2013 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,905,717issued Feb. 27, 2018), which claims priority U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/735,537 filed Dec. 10, 2012, each of which isincorporated by reference herein for all purposes. The presentapplication also incorporates by reference, for all purposes, thefollowing concurrently filed patent applications, all commonly owned:U.S. application Ser. No. 14/489,409, filed Sep. 17, 2014 (now U.S. Pat.No. 9,766,319 issued Sep. 19, 2017), and U.S. patent Ser. No. 14/489,412(entitled OFF SET SWIVEL DRIVE ASSEMBLY FOR SOLAR TRACKER), filed Sep.17, 2014).

BACKGROUND

The present application relates generally to a tracking system for solarpanels. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention providetracking systems that are suitable for solar panels. In a specificembodiment, a tracking system according to the present invention isfully adjustable in at each of the pillars, among other aspects. Thereare other embodiments as well.

As the population of the world increases, industrial expansion has leadto an equally large consumption of energy. Energy often comes fromfossil fuels, including coal and oil, hydroelectric plants, nuclearsources, and others. As an example, the International Energy Agencyprojects further increases in oil consumption, with developing nationssuch as China and India accounting for most of the increase. Almostevery element of our daily lives depends, in part, on oil, which isbecoming increasingly scarce. As time further progresses, an era of“cheap” and plentiful oil is coming to an end. Accordingly, other andalternative sources of energy have been developed.

Concurrent with oil, we have also relied upon other very useful sourcesof energy such as hydroelectric, nuclear, and the like to provide ourelectricity needs. As an example, most of our conventional electricityrequirements for home and business use come from turbines run on coal orother forms of fossil fuel, nuclear power generation plants, andhydroelectric plants, as well as other forms of renewable energy. Oftentimes, home and business use of electrical power has been stable andwidespread.

Most importantly, much if not all of the useful energy found on theEarth comes from our sun. Generally all common plant life on the Earthachieves life using photosynthesis processes from sun light. Fossilfuels such as oil were also developed from biological materials derivedfrom energy associated with the sun. For human beings including “sunworshipers,” sunlight has been essential. For life on the planet Earth,the sun has been our most important energy source and fuel for modernday solar energy.

Solar energy possesses many characteristics that are very desirable!Solar energy is renewable, clean, abundant, and often widespread.Certain technologies have been developed to capture solar energy,concentrate it, store it, and convert it into other useful forms ofenergy.

Solar panels have been developed to convert sunlight into energy. As anexample, solar thermal panels often convert electromagnetic radiationfrom the sun into thermal energy for heating homes, running certainindustrial processes, or driving high grade turbines to generateelectricity. As another example, solar photovoltaic panels convertsunlight directly into electricity for a variety of applications. Solarpanels are generally composed of an array of solar cells, which areinterconnected to each other. The cells are often arranged in seriesand/or parallel groups of cells in series. Accordingly, solar panelshave great potential to benefit our nation, security, and human users.They can even diversify our energy requirements and reduce the world'sdependence on oil and other potentially detrimental sources of energy.

Although solar panels have been used successfully for certainapplications, there are still limitations. Often, solar panels areunable to convert energy at their full potential due to the fact thatthe sun is often at an angle that is not optimum for the solar cells toreceive solar energy. In the past, various types of conventional solartracking mechanisms have been developed. Unfortunately, conventionalsolar tracking techniques are often inadequate. These and otherlimitations are described throughout the present specification, and maybe described in more detail below.

From the above, it is seen that techniques for improving solar systemsare highly desirable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application relates generally to a tracking system for solarpanels. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention providetracking systems that are suitable for solar panels. In a specificembodiment, a tracking system according to the present invention isfully adjustable in at each of the pillars, among other aspects. Thereare other embodiments as well.

In an example, the solar tracker has a clamp assembly that is configuredto pivot a torque tube. In an example, the assembly has a supportstructure configured as a frame having configured by a first anchoringregion and a second anchoring region. In an example, the supportstructure is configured from a thickness of metal material. In anexample, the support structure is configured in an upright manner, andhas a major plane region. In an example, the assembly has a pivot deviceconfigured on the support structure and a torque tube suspending on thepivot device and aligned within an opening of the support and configuredto be normal to the plane region. In an example, the torque tube isconfigured on the pivot device to move about an arc in a first directionor in a second direction such that the first direction is in a directionopposite to the second direction.

In an example, the present invention provides a solar tracker apparatus.In an example, the apparatus comprises a center of mass with anadjustable hanger assembly configured with a clam shell clamp assemblyon the adjustable hanger assembly and a cylindrical torque tubecomprising a plurality of torque tubes configured together in acontinuous length from a first end to a second end such that the centerof mass is aligned with a center of rotation of the cylindrical torquetubes to reduce a load of a drive motor operably coupled to thecylindrical torque tube. Further details of the present example, amongothers, can be found throughout the present specification and moreparticularly below.

Various additional objects, features and advantages of the presentinvention can be more fully appreciated with reference to the detaileddescription and accompanying drawings that follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a horizontal trackerapparatus configured with a plurality of solar modules according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2 through 7 illustrate a method of assembling the horizontaltracker apparatus of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 8 is a simplified perspective view of a pair of horizontal trackerapparatus configured together with a plurality of solar panels accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram of a plurality of horizontal trackerapparatus configured together according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram of an array of a plurality of horizontaltracker apparatus configured together according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly for the horizontaltracker of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 12 through 14 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the clamp assembly of FIG. 11 .

FIG. 15 is a simplified perspective diagram of a drive assemblyconfigured on a pier member according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 16 through 19 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the drive assembly of FIG. 15 .

FIG. 20 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly separate and apart from a pier member according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 22 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member in a first orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member in a second orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a first orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a second orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a third orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a fourth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a fifth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a sixth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 30 through 32 illustrate an in-line view of the clamp assembly andthe drive assembly in multiple configurations according to embodimentsof the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a side view diagram of the tracker apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 34 and 35 are simplified side view diagrams of a torque tubeaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 36, 37, and 38 are simplified perspective-view, side view, andfront view diagrams of a clamp member according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIGS. 39 and 40 are simplified perspective-view and side view diagramsof a clamp housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 41, 42, 43, and 44 are simplified diagrams of component(s) for aU-bolt member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 45, 46, and 47 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method ofconfiguring a U-bolt member to a torque tube according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIGS. 48 and 49 illustrate various views of a tracker apparatusaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 50 and 51 illustrate views of a tracker apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 52 and 53 illustrate an illustration of a torque tube according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a front view diagram of a clamp assembly according to anexample of the present invention.

FIGS. 55A, 55B, 55C, 55D, and 55E illustrates various views of the clampassembly including a perspective view in a central position, aperspective view in a first stop position, a perspective view in asecond stop position, a side-view, and a top view in examples of thepresent invention.

FIG. 56 is a perspective view of a frame structure to be configured forthe clamp assembly according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 57 illustrates a top view diagram, a front view diagram, and a sideview diagram of the frame structure to be configured for the clampassembly according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 58 illustrates a top view diagram, a front-view diagram, and a sideview diagram of a U-bolt configured on a torque tube for a solar panelbracket according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 59 illustrates a front view diagram of the U-bolt configured to atorque tube for a solar panel bracket according to an example of thepresent invention.

FIG. 60 illustrate a perspective view of a support member for the U-boltconfigured to a torque tube for a solar panel bracket according to anexample of the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a perspective view of a claim assembly according to anexample of the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a top view diagram of a clamp assembly according to anexample of the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a front view diagram of a clamp assembly according to anexample of the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a side view diagram of a clamp assembly according to anexample of the present invention.

FIG. 65 illustrates a top view diagram of a frame structure to beconfigured for the clamp assembly according to an example of the presentinvention.

FIG. 66 illustrates a front view diagram of a frame structure to beconfigured for the clamp assembly according to an example of the presentinvention.

FIG. 67 illustrates a side view diagram of a frame structure to beconfigured for the clamp assembly according to an example of the presentinvention.

FIG. 68 is a perspective view of a frame structure to be configured forthe clamp assembly according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a perspective view of a claim assembly on a pier structureaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 70 is a top view diagram of a clamp assembly on a pier structureaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 71 is a front view diagram of a clamp assembly on a pier structureaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 72 is a side view diagram of a clamp assembly on a pier structureaccording to an example of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

The present application relates generally to a tracking system for solarpanels. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention providetracking systems that are suitable for solar panels. In a specificembodiment, a tracking system according to the present invention isfully adjustable in at each of the pillars, among other aspects. Thereare other embodiments as well.

In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a trackerapparatus for solar modules. The tracker apparatus has a first piercomprising a first pivot device and a second pier comprising a drivemount. The drive mount is capable for construction tolerances in atleast three-axis, and is configured to a drive device. The drive devicehas an off-set clamp device coupled to a cylindrical bearing devicecoupled to a clamp member. The apparatus has a cylindrical torque tubeoperably disposed on the first pier and the second pier. The cylindricaltorque tube comprises a first end and a second end, and a notch. Thenotch is one of a plurality of notches spatially disposed along a lengthof the cylindrical torque tube. The apparatus has a clamp configuredaround an annular portion of the cylindrical torque tube and mate withthe notch to prevent movement of the clamp. The clamp comprises asupport region configured to support a portion of a solar module.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides analternative solar tracker apparatus. The apparatus has a drive device, acrank coupled to the drive device and configured in an offset manner toa frame assembly. The frame assembly is coupled to a plurality of solarmodules.

In an example, the apparatus has a continuous torque tube spatiallydisposed from a first region to a second region. The crank comprises afirst crank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a secondcrank coupled to a second side of the drive device. The crank comprisesa first crank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a secondcrank coupled to a second side of the drive device; and furthercomprises a first torque tube coupled to the first crank and a secondtorque tube coupled to the second crank. The crank comprises a firstcrank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a second crankcoupled to a second side of the drive device; and further comprises afirst torque tube coupled to the first crank and a second torque tubecoupled to the second crank, and further comprises a first swage fittingcoupling the first crank to the first torque tube and a second swagefitting coupling the second crank to the second torque tube. Theapparatus also has a pier coupled to the drive device. In an example,the apparatus also has a drive mount coupled to a pier.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides analternative solar tracker apparatus. The apparatus has a center of masswith an adjustable hanger assembly configured with a clam shell clampassembly on the adjustable hanger assembly and a cylindrical torque tubecomprising a plurality of torque tubes configured together in acontinuous length from a first end to a second end such that the centerof mass is aligned with a center of rotation of the cylindrical torquetubes to reduce a load of a drive motor operably coupled to thecylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the drive motor is operable to move the torque tube aboutthe center of rotation and is substantially free from a load. The centerof rotation is offset from a center of the cylindrical torque tube.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a solartracker apparatus. The apparatus has a clamp housing member configuredin a upright direction. The clamp housing member comprises a lowerregion and an upper region. The lower region is coupled to a pierstructure, and the upper region comprises a spherical bearing device.The upright direction is away from a direction of gravity. The apparatushas a clam shell clamp member coupled to the cylindrical bearing and atorque tube coupled to the spherical bearing to support the torque tubefrom the upper region of the clamp housing member. The torque tube isconfigured from an off-set position from a center region of rotation.

In an example, the apparatus is configured substantially free from anywelds during assembly. Reduced welding lowers cost, improvesinstallation time, avoids errors in installation, improvesmanufacturability, and reduces component count through standardizedparts. The torque tube is coupled to another torque tube via a swagedevice within a vicinity of the clam shall clamp member. In an example,the connection is low cost, and provides for strong axial and torsionalloading. The apparatus is quick to install with the pokey-yoke design.The torque tube is coupled to an elastomeric damper in line to dampentorque movement to be substantially free from formation of a harmonicwaveform along any portion of a plurality of solar panels configured tothe torque tube. The apparatus also has a locking damper or rigidstructure to configure a solar panel coupled to the torque tube in afixed tilt position to prevent damage to stopper and lock into afoundation-in a position that is substantially free from fluttering inan environment with high movement of air. The apparatus furthercomprises a controller apparatus configured in an inserter box providedin an underground region to protect the controller apparatus. Theapparatus has a drive device to linearly actuate the torque tube. In anexample, the apparatus uses an electrical connection coupled to a drivedevice. In an example, the spherical bearing allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acts as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. The apparatus can beone of a plurality of tracker apparatus configured in an array within ageographic region. Each of the plurality of tracker apparatus is drivenindependently of each other to cause each row to stow independently at adifferent or similar angle.

Still further, the present invention provides a tracker apparatuscomprising a clam shell apparatus, which has a first member operablycoupled to a second member to hold a torque tube in place.

In an example, the apparatus also has a clamp housing operably coupledto the clam shell apparatus via a spherical bearing device such that thespherical bearing comprises an axis of rotation. The axis of rotation isdifferent from a center of the torque tube. The apparatus furthercomprises a solar module coupled to the torque tube.

In an example, the invention provides a tracker apparatus comprising aplurality of torque tubes comprising a first torque tube coupled to asecond torque tube coupled to an Nth torque tube, whereupon N is aninteger greater than 2. Each pair of torque tubes is coupled to eachother free from any welds.

In an example, each pair of torque tubes is swaged fitted together. Eachof the torque tubes is cylindrical in shape. Each of the plurality oftorque tubes is characterized by a length greater than 80 meters. Eachof the torque tubes comprises a plurality of notches. In an example, theapparatus also has a plurality of U-bolt devices coupled respectively tothe plurality of notches. Each of the plurality of torque tubes are madeof steel.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a trackerapparatus having a pier member comprising a lower region and an upperregion. A clamp holding member is configured to the upper region and iscapable of moving in at least a first direction, a second directionopposite to the first direction, a third direction normal to the firstdirection and the second direction, a fourth direction opposite of thethird direction, a fifth direction normal to the first direction, thesecond direction, the third direction, and the fourth direction, and asixth direction opposite of the fifth direction.

In yet an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a solartracker apparatus. The apparatus has a clamp housing member configuredin a upright direction. The clamp housing member comprises a lowerregion and an upper region. The lower region is coupled to a pierstructure. The upper region comprises a spherical bearing device. Theupright direction is away from a direction of gravity. The apparatus hasa clam shell clamp member coupled to the cylindrical bearing and theclam shell clamp being suspended from the cylindrical bearing. In anexample, the apparatus has a torque tube comprising a first end and asecond end. The first end is coupled to the spherical bearing to supportthe torque tube from the upper region of the clamp housing member. Thetorque tube is configured from an off-set position from a center regionof rotation. The apparatus has a drive device coupled to the second endsuch that the drive device and the torque tube are configured to besubstantially free from a twisting action while under a load, e.g.,rotation, wind, other internal or external forces. Further details ofthe present examples can be found throughout the present specificationand more particularly below.

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a horizontal trackerapparatus 100 configured with a plurality of solar modules according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the present inventionprovides a tracker apparatus 100 for solar modules. In an example, thesolar modules can be a silicon based solar module, a polysilicon basedsolar module, a concentrated solar module, or a thin film solar module,including cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide(CuIn1-xGaxSe2 or CIGS), which is a direct bandgap semiconductor usefulfor the manufacture of solar cells, among others. As shown, each of thesolar panels can be arranged in pairs, which form an array. Of course,there can be other variations. In an example, the first pier 121 and thesecond pier 122 are provided on a sloped surface, an irregular surface,or a flat surface. The first pier 121 and the second pier 122 are two ofa plurality of piers provided for the apparatus 100. In example, theapparatus 100 has a solar module 110 configured in a hanging position ora supporting position.

The tracker apparatus 100 has a first pier 121 comprising a first pivotdevice 131 and a second pier 122 comprising a drive mount 132. In anexample, the first pier 121 is made of a solid or patterned metalstructure, such as a wide beam flange or the like, as shown. In anexample, each of the piers is inserted into the ground, and sealed,using cement or other attachment material. Each pier is provided ingenerally an upright position and in the direction of gravity, althoughthere can be variations. In an example, each of the piers is spatiallyspaced along a region of the ground, which may be flat or along ahillside or other structure, according to an embodiment. In an example,the first pillar comprises a wide flange beam. In an example, the firstpillar and the second pillar can be off-set and reconfigurable.

In an example, the drive mount 132 is capable for constructiontolerances in at least three-axis, and is configured to a drive device140. The drive device 140 has an off-set clamp device 141 coupled to acylindrical bearing device coupled to a clamp member.

In an example, the apparatus has a cylindrical torque tube operablydisposed on the first pier and the second pier. In an example, thecylindrical torque tube comprises a one to ten inch diameter pipe madeof a steel Hollow Structural Section (HSS). The cylindrical torque tubecomprises a first end and a second end, and a notch. The notch is one ofa plurality of notches spatially disposed along a length of thecylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the apparatus 100 has a clamp 170 configured around anannular portion of the cylindrical torque tube 150 and mate with thenotch 151 to prevent movement of the clamp 170. The clamp 170 comprisesa support region configured to support a portion of a solar module 110.The clamp 170 comprises a pin configured with the notch 151. Theapparatus also has a rail 160 configured to the clamp 170. The rail 160comprises a thread region configured to hold a bolt 171, which isadapted to screw into the thread and bottom out against a portion ofcylindrical torque tube 150 such that the clamp 170 is desirably torquedagainst the cylindrical torque tube 150. The apparatus has a solarmodule 110 attached to the rail 160 or other attachment device-sharedmodule claim or other devices. The cylindrical torque tube 150 is one ofa plurality of torque tubes configured in as a continuous structure andextends in length for 80 to 200 meters. Each pair of torque tubes isswage fitted together, and bolted for the configuration.

In an example, the apparatus also has a center of mass of along an axialdirection is matched with a pivot point of the drive device 140. Thepivot point of the drive device 140 is fixed in three dimensions whilerotating along the center of mass. In an example, the off-set clamp 141comprises a crank device. The first pivot device 131 comprises aspherical bearing configured a clam-shell clamp device to secure thefirst end to the cylindrical torque tube 150. In other examples, thedrive device 140 comprises a slew gear. The apparatus also has anoverrun device configured with the first pivot device 131. The overrundevice comprises a mechanical stop to allow the cylindrical torque tube150 to rotate about a desired range. Further details of the presenttracker apparatus 100 can be found throughout the present specificationand more particularly below.

FIGS. 2 through 7 illustrate a method of assembling the horizontaltracker apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 . As shown, the method includesdisposing a first pier 121 into a first ground structure. The methodalso includes disposing a second pier 122 into a second groundstructure. Each of the piers is one of a plurality of piers to bespatially disposed along a ground structure for one row of solar modulesconfigured to a tracker apparatus 100.

In an example, the method includes configuring a first pivot device 131on the first pier 121.

In an example, the method includes configuring a drive mount 132 on thesecond pier 122. In an example, the drive mount 132 is capable forconstruction tolerances in at least three-axis. In an example, the drivemount 132 is configured to a drive device 140 having an off-set clampdevice 141 coupled to a cylindrical bearing device coupled to a clampmember.

In an example, the method includes assembling a cylindrical torque tube150 and operably disposing on the first pier 121 and the second pier 122cylindrical torque tube 150. The cylindrical torque tube 150 comprises afirst end and a second end, and a notch 151. In an example, the notch151 is one of a plurality of notches spatially disposed along a lengthof the cylindrical torque tube 150.

In an example, the method includes assembling a plurality of clampsspatially disposed and configured around an annular portion of thecylindrical torque tube 150. Each of the plurality of clamps isconfigured to mate with the notch 151 to prevent movement of the clamp170. In an example, the clamp 170 comprises a support region configuredto support a portion of a solar module 110.

In an example, the method includes attaching a rail 160 configured toeach of the clamps, the rail 160 comprising a thread region configuredto hold a bolt 171. The bolt 171 is adapted to screw into the thread andbottom out against a portion of cylindrical torque tube 150 such thatthe clamp 170 is desirably torqued against the cylindrical torque tube150.

In an example, the method includes attaching a solar module 110 to therail 160 or other attachment device. Further details of other examplescan be found throughout the present specification and more particularlybelow.

FIG. 8 is a simplified perspective view of a pair of horizontal trackerapparatus 800 configured together with a plurality of solar panelsaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown is atracker apparatus for solar modules. The tracker apparatus 800 has afirst pier 821 comprising a first pivot device 831, a second pier 822comprising a drive mount, and a third pier 823 comprising a second pivotdevice 832. The second pier 822 is between the first and third piers,821 and 823, as shown in an example. Of course, additional piers can beconfigured on each outer side of the first and third piers 821 and 823.

In an example, the drive mount is capable for construction tolerances inat least three-axis, and is configured to a drive device 840. The drivedevice 840 has an off-set clamp device coupled to a cylindrical bearingdevice coupled to a clamp member.

In an example, the apparatus has a cylindrical torque tube operablydisposed on the first pier 821 and the second pier 822, and then on thethird pier 823. In an example, the cylindrical torque tube comprises afirst end and a second end, and a notch. The notch is one of a pluralityof notches spatially disposed along a length of the cylindrical torquetube. The apparatus has a clamp configured around an annular portion ofthe cylindrical torque tube and mate with the notch to prevent movementof the clamp. The clamp comprises a support region configured to supporta portion of a solar module. In an example, the cylindrical torque tubeis configured to the drive device 840 to rotate the cylindrical torquetube while each of the clamp members holds the tube in place. Furtherdetails of the present apparatus 800 can be found throughout the presentspecification and more particularly below.

FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram of a plurality of horizontal trackerapparatus 900 configured together according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. As shown is a solar tracker apparatus. The apparatushas a center of mass with an adjustable hanger assembly configured witha clam shell clamp assembly on the adjustable hanger assembly and acylindrical torque tube comprising a plurality of torque tubesconfigured together in a continuous length from a first end to a secondend such that the center of mass is aligned with a center of rotation ofthe cylindrical torque tubes to reduce a load of a drive motor operablycoupled to the cylindrical torque tube. In an example, the drive motoris operable to move the torque tube about the center of rotation and issubstantially free from a load. The center of rotation is offset from acenter of the cylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the invention provides a tracker apparatus comprising aplurality of torque tubes comprising a first torque tube coupled to asecond torque tube coupled to an Nth torque tube, whereupon N is aninteger greater than 2. Each pair of torque tubes is coupled to eachother free from any welds.

In an example, a single drive motor can be coupled to a center region ofthe plurality of torque tubes to rotate the torque tube in a desirablemanner to allow each of the solar modules to track a direction ofelectromagnetic radiation from the sun.

In an example, each tracker apparatus comprises a torque tube coupled toan array of solar panels, as shown. Each of the tracker apparatus iscoupled to each other via the torque tube, and a pivot device. Eachtracker has a corresponding pair of piers, a torque tube, and one ormore pivot devices, as shown. Further details of each of these elementsare described in detail throughout the present specification.

FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram of an array of a plurality of horizontaltracker apparatus configured together according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. As shown are an array of horizontally configuredtracker devices to form a plurality of rows of tracker devices 1000arranged in a parallel manner. Each pair of rows of trackers has anavenue, which allows for other applications. That is, row crops or otherthings can be provided in the avenue, which extends along an entirety ofeach horizontal tracker row. In an example, the plurality of trackerapparatus are configured in an array within a geographic region. Each ofthe plurality of tracker apparatus is driven independently of each otherto cause each row to stow independently at a different or similar angle.Unlike conventional trackers, which often have mechanical device betweenthe rows, each of the avenues is continuous from one end to the otherend, as allows for a tractor or other vehicle to drive from one end tothe other end in a preferred example. Of course, there can be othervariations, modifications, and alternatives.

In an example, the apparatus is configured substantially free from anywelds during assembly, and can be assembled using conventional tools. Inan example, the torque tube is coupled to another torque tube via aswage device within a vicinity of the clam shell clamp member. In anexample, the torque tube is coupled to an elastomeric damper in line todampen torque movement to be substantially free from formation of aharmonic waveform along any portion of a plurality of solar panelsconfigured to the torque tube.

In an example, the apparatus further comprising a locking damper orrigid structure to configure a solar panel coupled to the torque tube ina fixed tilt position to prevent damage to stopper and lock into afoundation-in a position that is substantially free from fluttering inan environment with high movement of air. In an example, the lockingdamper fixes each of the plurality of solar modules in a desirable anglerelative to the direction of air or wind.

In an example, the apparatus has a controller apparatus configured in aninserter box provided in an underground region to protect the controllerapparatus. In an example, the inserter box is made of a suitablematerial, which is sealed and/or environmentally suitable to protect thecontroller apparatus.

In operation, the apparatus has a drive device to linearly actuate thetorque tube to allow for desirable positions of each of the solarmodules relative to incident electromagnetic radiation. In an example,an electrical connection and source (e.g., 120V, 60 Hz, 240V) is coupledto a drive device. Of course, there can be variations.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly 1100 for thehorizontal tracker of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. As shown, the clamp assembly 1100 has a clamp housing member1120 configured in a upright direction, which is a direction away from adirection of gravity. In an example, the clamp housing member 1120comprises a lower region and an upper region. The lower region iscoupled to a pier structure 1110. The lower region has a thickness ofmaterial comprising bolt openings, which align to openings on an upperportion of the pier structure 1110. Locking nuts and bolts areconfigured to hold the lower region of the clamp housing to the pierstructure 1110 in an upright manner. At least a pair of openings areprovided in each of the lower region of the clamp housing and the pierstructure 1110, as shown.

In an example, the upper region comprises a spherical bearing device.The upper region has a tongue structure, which has an opening thathouses the spherical bearing 1130 between a pair of plates 1141 and1142, which hold the bearing 1130 in place. In an example, the sphericalbearing 1130 allows for rotational, and movement in each of the threeaxis directions within a desirable range. Each of the plates is disposedwithin a recessed region on each side of the tongue structure. Each ofthe plates may include a fastener to hold such plate in place within therecessed region.

In an example, clamp assembly 1100 has a clam shell clamp member coupledto the spherical bearing 1130 and the clam shell clamp being suspendedfrom the spherical bearing 1130. That is, the clam shell clamp has afirst side and a second side. Each side has an upper region comprisingan opening. A pin is inserted through each of the openings, while anopening of the spherical bearing 1130 is provided as a third suspensionregion between each of the openings, as shown.

Each side of the clam shell is shaped to conform or couple to at leastone side of a portion of the torque tube 1160, as shown. Each side hasone or more opens, which align to one or more openings on the portion ofthe torque tube 1160. A pin or bolt is inserted through each of theopenings to clamp the clam shell clamp to the portion of the torque tube1160 and surround substantially an entirety of a peripheral region ofthe torque tube 1160. The pin or bolt or pins or bolts also holds thetorque tube 1160 in a fixed position relative to the clam shell clamp toprevent the torque tube 1160 from slipping and/or twisting within theclam shell clamp. Of course, there can be variations.

In an example, the spherical bearing 1130 allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acts as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. The bonding pathoccurs from any of the modules, through the frame, to each of the clampassembly 1100, to one or more piers, and then to ground.

In an example, a torque tube 1160 comprising a first end and a secondend is coupled to the spherical bearing 1130 to support the torque tube1160 from the upper region of the clamp housing member 1120. In anexample, the torque tube 1160 is configured from an off-set positionfrom a center region of rotation.

In an example, a drive device, which will be described in more detailbelow, is coupled to the second end such that the drive device and thetorque tube 1160 are configured to be substantially free from a twistingaction while under a load.

In an example, the clam shell apparatus comprising a first member 1151operably coupled to a second member 1152 to hold a torque tube 1160 inplace. In an example, the apparatus has a clamp housing operably coupledto the clam shell apparatus via a spherical bearing device 1130 suchthat the spherical bearing 1130 comprises an axis of rotation, which isdifferent from a center of the torque tube 1160.

FIGS. 12 through 14 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the clamp assembly 1100 of FIG. 11 . In an example, thepresent method is for assembling a solar tracker apparatus. The methodincludes providing a clamp housing member 1120 configured in a uprightdirection. The clamp housing member 1120 comprises a lower region and anupper region. In an example, the lower region is coupled to a pierstructure 1100. The upper region comprises a spherical bearing device.In an example, the upright direction is away from a direction ofgravity. In an example, the method includes coupling a first half clamshell clamp 1151 member and a second half clam shell clamp member 1152(collectively a clam shell clamp member) to the cylindrical bearing. Themethod also includes supporting a torque tube 1160 between the firsthalf clam shell clamp 1151 and the second half clam shell clamp 1152,each of which is coupled to the spherical bearing to support the torquetube 1160 from the upper region of the clamp housing member 1120, thetorque tube 1160 being configured from an off-set position from a centerregion of rotation.

In an example, the apparatus is configured substantially free from anywelds during assembly. In an example, the torque tube 1160 is coupled toanother torque tube via a swage device within a vicinity of the clamshell clamp member. In an example, the torque tube 1160 is coupled to anelastomeric damper in line to dampen torque movement to be substantiallyfree from formation of a harmonic waveform along any portion of aplurality of solar panels configured to the torque tube 1160.

In an example, the method includes coupling a pin member to the firsthalf clam shell clamp member 1151, the second half clam shell clampmember 1152, and the spherical bearing 1160. In an example, the methodincludes coupling a first member 1151 and a second member 1152 tosandwich the spherical bearing 1130 to a tongue region of the upperregion of the clamp housing member 1120. In an example, the sphericalbearing 1130 is configured for rotation, and movement of the pin topivot along a solid angle region. In an example, the housing clampmember 1120 is a continuous structure made of cast or stamped ormachined metal material. In an example, each of the first half clamshell member 1151 and the second half claim shell member 1152 is made ofa solid continuous structure that is cast or stamped or machined metalmaterial. In an example, the spherical bearing 1130 allows for aconstruction tolerance, tracker movement, and acting as a bonding pathof least resistance taking an electrical current to ground. Furtherdetails of the present method and apparatus can be found throughout thepresent specification and more particularly below.

FIG. 15 is a simplified perspective diagram of a drive assembly 1500configured on a pier member 1510 according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. In an example, as shown, the solar tracker apparatuscomprises a drive device 1520. The drive device 1520 is coupled to anelectric motor 1550, which can be DC or AC. The drive device 1520 has ashaft, which rotates around a rotational point, and drives each crank,which is described below. The drive device 1520 is provided on a supportor drive mount 1560, which is configured on an upper region of a pier,which has been described. The drive device 1520 is coupled to a crankcoupled to the drive device 1520 and configured in an offset manner to aframe assembly, which has a plurality of solar modules.

In an example, the drive device 1520 provides rotation to a continuoustorque tube spatially disposed from a first region to a second region.The drive device 1520 has a drive line, which couples via a gear box todrive a pair of cranks. Each crank is coupled to each side of the drivedevice 1520, which causes rotational movement of each crank.

In an example, the crank comprises a first crank 1531 coupled to a firstside of the drive device 1520 and a second crank 1532 coupled to asecond side of the drive device 1520. In an example, the crank comprisesa first crank 1531 coupled to a first side of the drive device 1520 anda second crank 1532 coupled to a second side of the drive device 1520.In an example, each crank has a flange having a plurality of boltopenings to couple to one side of the drive device 1520. Each crank hasan arm, which is normal to each flange, and couples to cylindricalmember that has one or more bolt openings. The apparatus has a firsttorque tube 1541 coupled to the first crank 1531 via the cylindricalmember and a second torque tube 1542 coupled to the second crank 1532via another cylindrical member. In an example, a first swage fitting iscoupling the first crank 1531 to the first torque tube 1541 and a secondswage fitting is coupling the second crank 1532 to the second torquetube 1542. One or more bolts are inserted through the cylindricalmembers to secure a portion of the torque tube in place, and keep itfree from rotation or twisting within the cylindrical member, and lockit into place, as shown.

In an example, each of the cranks is made of a suitable metal materialthat may be cast, machined, or stamped. Each cylindrical member is madeof a suitable metal material to coupled to an end of the torque tube, asshown. A swage fitting can be provided to couple or connect the end ofthe torque tube to each cylindrical member as shown. Of course, therecan be variations. Further details of assembling the drive device can befound throughout the present specification, and more particularly below.

FIGS. 16 through 19 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the drive assembly 1500 of FIG. 15 . In an example, themethod includes providing a drive device 1520, as shown. In an example,the method includes coupling the drive device 1520 via a drive line orshaft to an electric motor 1550, which can be DC or AC. The methodincludes coupling the drive device 1550 to a support or drive mount1560, which is configured on an upper region of a pier, which has beendescribed. In an example, the pier comprising a plurality of supportstructures coupled to a drive device support. The drive device supporthaving a first member coupled to the plurality of support structures,and a second member coupled to the drive device 1520.

In an example, the method includes coupling the drive device 1520 acrank coupled to the drive device 1520 and configured in an offsetmanner to a frame assembly, which has a plurality of solar modules. Inan example, the drive device 1520 has the drive line, which couples viaa gear box to drive a pair of cranks. Each crank is coupled to each sideof the drive device, which causes rotational movement of each crank. Inan example, the crank comprises a first crank 1531 coupled to a firstside of the drive device 1520 and a second crank 1532 coupled to asecond side of the drive device 1520. In an example, the crank comprisesa first crank 1531 coupled to a first side of the drive device 1520 anda second crank 1532 coupled to a second side of the drive device 1520.In an example, each crank has a flange having a plurality of boltopenings to couple to one side of the drive device 1520. Each crank hasan arm, which is normal to each flange, and couples to cylindricalmember that has one or more bolt openings. The apparatus has a firsttorque tube 1541 coupled to the first crank 1531 via the cylindricalmember and a second torque tube 1542 coupled to the second crank 1532via another cylindrical member. In an example, a first swage fitting iscoupling the first crank 1531 to the first torque tube 1541 and a secondswage fitting is coupling the second crank 1532 to the second torquetube 1542. One or more bolts are inserted through the cylindricalmembers to secure a portion of the torque tube in place, and keep itfree from rotation or twisting within the cylindrical member, and lockit into place, as shown.

FIG. 20 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly 2000 separate and apart from a pier member 2010 according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the clamp assembly 2000has a clamp housing member 2020 configured in a upright direction, whichis a direction away from a direction of gravity. In an example, theclamp housing member 2020 comprises a lower region and an upper region.The lower region is coupled to a pier structure. The lower region has athickness of material comprising bolt openings, which align to openingson an upper portion of the pier structure. Locking nuts and bolts areconfigured to hold the lower region of the clamp housing to the pierstructure in an upright manner. At least a pair of openings are providedin each of the lower region of the clamp housing and the pier structure,as shown. Each of the openings in the lower region of the clamp housingis configured as a slot to allow for adjustment in a direction normal tothe direction of the length of the pier structure. Each of the openingsin the pier structure is configured as an elongated slot in thedirection of the length of the pier structure to allow for adjustment inthe same direction. Of course, there can be variations, where thedirections of the slots are exchanged and/or combined.

In an example, the upper region comprises a spherical bearing device.The upper region has a tongue structure, which has an opening thathouses the spherical bearing between a pair of plates, which hold thebearing in place. In an example, the spherical bearing allows forrotational, and movement in each of the three axis directions within adesirable range. Each of the plates is disposed within a recessed regionon each side of the tongue structure. Each of the plates may include afastener to hold such plate in place within the recessed region.

In an example, the clamp housing has a pair of openings and lower regionthat is designed like a heart like shape and a tongue region, whichsupports the spherical bearing assembly, as shown. Each lobe of theheart like shape acts as a stop for movement of the torque tube in alateral rotational movement in either direction depending upon thespatial orientation of the lobe. Further details of the clamp housingcan be found further below.

In an example, clamp assembly 2000 has a clam shell clamp member coupledto the spherical bearing and the clam shell clamp being suspended fromthe spherical bearing. That is, the clam shell clamp has a first sideand a second side. Each side has an upper region comprising an opening.A pin is inserted through each of the openings, while an opening of thespherical bearing is provided as a third suspension region between eachof the openings, as shown.

Each side of the clam shell is shaped to conform or couple to at leastone side of a portion of the torque tube, as shown. Each side has one ormore opens, which align to one or more openings on the portion of thetorque tube. A pin or bolt is inserted through each of the openings toclamp the clam shell clamp to the portion of the torque tube andsurround substantially an entirety of a peripheral region of the torquetube. The pin or bolt or pins or bolts also holds the torque tube in afixed position relative to the clam shell clamp to prevent the torquetube from slipping and/or twisting within the clam shell clamp. Ofcourse, there can be variations.

In an example, the spherical bearing allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acts as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. The bonding pathoccurs from any of the modules, through the frame, to each of the clampassembly, to one or more piers, and then to ground.

In an example, the clam shell apparatus comprising a first member 2031operably coupled to a second member 2032 to hold a torque tube in place.In an example, the apparatus has a clamp housing operably coupled to theclam shell apparatus via a spherical bearing device such that thespherical bearing comprises an axis of rotation, which is different froma center of the torque tube.

FIG. 21 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly 2100 coupled to a pier member 2110 according to an embodimentof the present invention. As shown, a pair of nuts and bolts holds thepier structure to the clamp housing 2120 along the dotted line.

FIG. 22 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly 2200 coupled to a pier member 2210 in a first orientationaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the clamphousing 2220 can be off-set in a vertical and lateral manner using theslots in each of the pier and housing structure 2220 facing the in-lineview of the torque tube.

FIG. 23 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly 2300 coupled to a pier member 2310 in a second orientationaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the clamphousing 2320 can be adjusted in a rotational manner (in eitherdirection) using the same slots in each of the pier and housingstructures facing the in-line view of the torque tube.

FIG. 24 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assembly2400 coupled to a pier member 2410 in a first orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the housing 2420 andpier structure, along with the torque tube 2450, are arranged in anormal orientation using the pins configuring the torque tube 2450 tothe clam shell clamp member 2430. As shown, the clamp member 2430 has anelongated opening to allow each of the pins to be adjusted in place,which allows the relationship of the clamp and torque tube 2450 to beadjusted.

FIG. 25 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assembly2500 coupled to a pier member 2510 in a second orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube 2550is shifted in an in-line direction (either way) using the slots in theclamp, while the torque tube 2550 has a smaller opening for the pin,which does not allow for any adjustment, in an example.

FIG. 26 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assembly2600 coupled to a pier member 2610 in a third orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube 2650can be rotated or adjusted relative to the direction of the length ofthe pier using the movement of the spherical bearing assembly 2640,explained and shown. As shown, the torque tube 2650 is parallel to thedirection of gravity in an example.

FIG. 27 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assembly2700 coupled to a pier member 2710 in a fourth orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube 2750can be rotated or adjusted relative to the direction of the length ofthe pier using the movement of the spherical bearing assembly 2740,explained and shown. As shown, the torque tube 2750 is not parallel tothe direction of gravity in an example.

FIG. 28 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assembly2800 coupled to a pier member 2810 in a fifth orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube 2850,housing 2820, and clamp 2830 are aligned in this example.

FIG. 29 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assembly2900 coupled to a pier member 2910 in a sixth orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube 2950,housing 2920, and clamp 2930 are aligned in this example. However, theposition of the spherical bearing 2940 to pin has shifted in onedirection by sliding the pin in the same direction, although the pin canbe slid in the other opposite direction in other examples. In thisexample, pin to clamp arrangement can be moved along the pin from onespatial region to another spatial region.

FIGS. 30 through 32 illustrate an in-line view of the clamp assembly3000 and the drive assembly 3010 in multiple configurations according toembodiments of the present invention. As shown, the crank is in a lowerposition, which allows for the torque tube 3020 to be at its lowestposition in an example. As the drive device moves the crank, the torquetube 3020 swings from the lowest position to an elevated position in aradial manner along a first direction or an elevated position in aradial manner along a second direction, as shown. As the torque tube3020 rotates, the plurality of solar panels fixed to the torque tubealso rotate along a path from a first spatial region to a second spatialregion. As shown, each of the inner regions of the lobes acts as a stopfor the torque tube 3020 or an override for the torque tube 3020. Ofcourse, there can be other variations.

FIG. 33 is a side view diagram of the tracker apparatus 3300 accordingto an embodiment of the present invention. As shown is a side viewdiagram of the torque tube, solar panels with frames, and clamp housingand structure.

FIGS. 34 and 35 are simplified side view diagrams of a torque tube 3400according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, each ofthe torque tubes has a plurality of openings 3410 on each end foraffixing to either the clamp or drive device cylinder. Each of thetorque tubes also has a plurality of openings 3410 for clamps configuredto hold the tube to a frame coupled to the plurality of solar modules.

FIGS. 36, 37, and 38 are simplified perspective-view, side view, andfront view diagrams of a clamp member or half clam shell member 3600according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown are theclam shell members, including pin opening to be coupled to the sphericalbearing, and a plurality of slots for bolts to hold the torque tube inplace and for adjustment.

FIGS. 39 and 40 are simplified perspective-view and side view diagramsof a clamp housing 3900 according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. As shown is the clamp housing 3900 configured as a heart likeshape, with tongue. The tongue has a recessed region, and an opening orslot for the spherical bearing. The housing 3900 also has a member to becoupled to the pier structure.

FIGS. 41, 42, 43, and 44 are simplified diagrams of component(s) for aU-bolt member 4100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.As shown is a U-bolt member 4100 and a pair of nuts to secure theU-bolt. The components also includes an upper clamp 4110 with aprotrusion to be coupled to a notch or opening in the torque tube topresent any movement between the torque tube and U-bolt member 4100.That is, the protrusion acts as a stop to hold the U-bolt in place.

FIGS. 45, 46, and 47 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method ofconfiguring a U-bolt member to a torque tube 4520 according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown are U-bolt coupled to aperiphery of the torque tube 4520. The clamp member 4510 includingprotrusion, which has an thinner portion and thicker portion, coupled toa notch in the torque tube. A pair of bolts fastens and secures theclamp member 4510 and U-bolt 4500 in place to hold the frame structure,which couples to the plurality of solar modules.

FIGS. 48 and 49 illustrate various views of a tracker apparatus 4800according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, thetorque tube and tracker apparatus 4800 are in a normal rest position.

FIGS. 50 and 51 illustrate views of a tracker apparatus 5000 accordingto an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a lateral force isprovided against a direction normal to the length of the torque tube,which causes one end of the torque tube to move in the lateraldirection, while the other end remains fixed in an example.

FIGS. 52 and 53 illustrate an illustration of a torque tube 5200according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, thetorque tube 5200 rotates and swings in a radial manner upon beingsubjected to the lateral force, in an example. The torque tube 5200stops against an inner side of one of the lobes of the clamp housing.

FIG. 54 is a front view diagram of a clamp assembly 5400 according to anexample of the present invention. As shown is a front view of a solartracker apparatus, and in particular a clamp assembly 5400 configuredfor a torque tube 5440. In an example, the clamp assembly 5400 has asupport structure configured as a frame 5420 having configured by afirst anchoring region and a second anchoring region. As shown, thefirst anchoring region is coupled to a pier support 5430 using a nut andbolt fastener. The second anchoring region is coupled to a pier support5430 using a nut and bolt fastener. In an example, the frame structureis shaped as a loop that is symmetric and can also be non-symmetric inother examples. As shown, the support structure being configured from athickness of metal material, such as high grade steel or other metalmaterial with sufficient strength. In an example, the support structureis stamped from the thickness of metal material. In an example, thesupport structure is configured from a stamped steel comprising a Q345steel or other suitable material. In an example, the support structurebeing configured in an upright manner, and has a major plane regionconfigured within the frame structure. As shown, the major plane regionhas an opening to allow the torque tube 5440 and related support membersto move within the opening.

In an example, the torque tube 5440 is coupled to a pivot device 5450configured on the support structure. In an example, the torque tube 5440suspending on the pivot device 5450 and aligned within the opening ofthe support and configured to be normal to the plane region. In anexample, the torque tube 5440 is configured on the pivot device 5450 tomove about an arc in a first direction or in a second direction suchthat the first direction is in a direction opposite to the seconddirection. As mentioned, the support structure comprises the frame 5420configured with the opening. As shown, the frame 5420 has a first stopregion 5471 within a first inner region of the frame 5420 and a secondstop region 5472 within a second inner region of the frame 5420 andconfigured to allow the torque tube 5440 to swing in a first directionwithin the opening and stop against the first stop region 5471 and swingin a second direction within the opening and stop against the secondstop region 5472. In an example, the first stop region 5471 comprises afirst flat region 5481 and the second stop region 5472 comprises asecond flat region 5482 such that the first flat region 5481 and thesecond flat region 5482 are coupled to each other via a continuouslength of metal material having a predefined width configured as aportion of the frame.

In an example, (not shown), the assembly is coupled to a drive deviceconfigured to cause the torque tube to swing in the first direction andswing in the second direction. In an example, the pivot device isconfigured to allow the torque tube to move about an arc direction,while being fixed in other spatial domains. In an example, the pivotdevice comprises a pin structure configured in a sleeve or bearingassembly that is coupled to the frame structure.

FIG. 55 is a front view diagram of a clamp assembly 5400 in a stopposition according to an example of the present invention. As shown, theframe 5420 having a first stop region 5471 within a first inner regionof the frame 5420 and a second stop region 5472 within a second innerregion of the frame 5420 and configured to allow the torque tube 5440 toswing in a first direction within the opening and stop against the firststop region 5471 and swing in a second direction within the opening andstop against the second stop region 5472; and further comprising a drivedevice configured to cause the torque tube 5440 to swing in the firstdirection and swing in the second direction.

FIGS. 55A, 55B, 55C, 55D, and 55E illustrates various views of the clampassembly including a perspective view in a central position, aperspective view in a first stop position, a perspective view in asecond stop position, a side-view, and a top view in examples of thepresent invention. As shown, the pivot device 5450 comprises a pinstructure 5460 configured in a sleeve or bearing assembly. In anexample, the pivot device 5450 comprising a first U-bolt clamp and asecond U-bolt clamp coupling a first portion of the torque tube 5440 anda second portion of the torque tube 5440, respectively. In an example,the pin structure 5460 is coupling the first U-bolt clamp and the secondU-bolt clamp through a pair of openings, and is configured normal to amajor plane of each U-bolt clamp. In an example, the pin, which isbetween each of the U-bolts, is configured to the sleeve or bearingassembly, which is coupled to a portion of the frame structure, to allowthe torque tube 5440 to pivot about the pin structure 5460 while thefirst U-bolt clamp and the second U-bolt clamp firmly engage with thefirst portion of the torque tube 5440 and the second portion of thetorque tube 5440. As shown, the pin structure 5460 is fixed to theU-bolt claims using the pair of openings, and a key placed on each sideof the pine structure to prevent the pin structure 5460 to slide eitherdirection outside of the U-bolt clamp. As also shown, the bearing orsleeve assembly is bolted or fixed to the frame structure.

FIG. 56 is a perspective view of a frame structure to be configured forthe clamp assembly 5400 according to an example of the presentinvention. As shown, the frame structure is configured as the loop withan open region. As shown, the open region is symmetric in shape. Twoanchor regions, including flats each of which is fitted with a slot toallow the frame structure to be moved either way for adjustmentpurposes.

FIG. 57 illustrates a top view diagram, a front view diagram, and a sideview diagram of the frame structure to be configured for the clampassembly according to an example of the present invention. As shown, thetop view (as shown on the upper portion of the drawings) illustrates amember with constant width, while there can be variations. The frontview shows the open region configured within the loop structure or frame5420, and anchor regions, which have flats. The side view is also shown(along right hand side of drawings). Further details of the presentstructures can be found throughout the present specification and moreparticularly below.

FIG. 58 illustrates a top view diagram, a front-view diagram, and a sideview diagram of a U-bolt 5800 configured on a torque tube 5810 for asolar panel bracket (or frame structure) according to an example of thepresent invention. As shown, the top view (top portion of drawings)shows a clamp support 5820 with saddle region configured to the outerportion (not shown) of a portion of the torque tube 5810. As shown, thesaddle region is coupled intimately with the portion of the torque tube5810. A flat region including a pair of openings on each end serve as abracket for attachment of a solar panel or panels in an example. Asshown in the bottom left hand side, the front view has a clamping U-boltcoupling a portion of the torque tube 5810 and is configured to theclamp support 5820. As shown on the right hand side, the side view showsa leg or bolt of a U-bolt 5800 configured on one side of the torque tube5810 and coupled to the clamp support 5820. The other side has a similarconfiguration, including leg or bolt of the U-bolt 5800 and torque tube5810.

FIG. 59 illustrates a front view diagram of the U-bolt 5800 configuredto a torque tube 5810 for a solar panel bracket according to an exampleof the present invention. In an example, the clamp support membercomprising a first end and a second end and has a length in between thefirst end and the second end. A width is also included. In an example,the clamp support member being configured a saddle region having a firstopening and a second opening and a inner opening such that a first legof a U-bolt 5800 is inserted into the first opening and a second leg ofthe U-bolt 5800 is inserted into the second opening while a clamp member5830 is positioned to hold the U-bolt 5800 in place to secure a portionof the torque tube 5810 to an opposite side of the saddle region whilethe clamp member 5830 is in intimate contact with the inner openingusing a male portion provided within the inner opening to fit the maleportion within the inner opening.

FIG. 60 illustrate a perspective view of a support member for the U-bolt5800 configured to a torque tube 5810 for a solar panel bracketaccording to an example of the present invention. In an example asshown, the support member the first end and the second end and has thelength in between the first end and the second end. The width is alsoincluded. In an example, the clamp support member 5820 has a saddleregion having a first opening and a second opening and a inner openingsuch that a first leg of a U-bolt 5800 is inserted into the firstopening and a second leg of the U-bolt 5800 is inserted into the secondopening while a clamp member 5830 is positioned to hold the U-bolt 5800in place to secure a portion of the torque tube 5810 to an opposite sideof the saddle region while the clamp member 5830 is in intimate contactwith the inner opening using a male portion provided within the inneropening to fit the male portion within the inner opening.

FIG. 61 is a perspective view of a clamp assembly 6100 according to anexample of the present invention. As shown is a perspective view of asolar tracker apparatus, and in particular a clamp assembly 6100configured for a torque tube. In an example, the clamp assembly 6100 hasa support structure configured as a frame 6110 having configured by afirst anchoring region and a second anchoring region. The frame 6110also has a butterfly shape or heart shape configured with a pair oflobes configured about a recessed region, which is for supporting a pinstructure. As shown, the first anchoring region is coupled to a piersupport using a nut and bolt fastener. The second anchoring region iscoupled to a pier support using a nut and bolt fastener. In an example,the frame structure 6110 is shaped as a pair of loops that are symmetricand can also be non-symmetric in other examples. As shown, the supportstructure being configured from a thickness of metal material, such ashigh grade steel or other metal material with sufficient strength. In anexample, the support structure is stamped from the thickness of metalmaterial. In an example, the support structure is configured from astamped steel comprising a Q345 steel or other suitable material. In anexample, the support structure being configured in an upright manner,and has a major plane region configured within the frame structure 6110.As shown, the major plane region has an opening to allow the torque tubeand related support members to move within the opening.

In an example, the torque tube is coupled to a pivot device configuredon the support structure, and in particular the recessed region. In anexample, the torque tube suspending on the pivot device and alignedwithin the opening of the support and configured to be normal to theplane region. In an example, the torque tube is configured on the pivotdevice to move about an arc in a first direction or in a seconddirection such that the first direction is in a direction opposite tothe second direction. As mentioned, the support structure comprises theframe configured with the opening. As shown, the frame has a first stopregion within a first inner region of the frame and a second stop regionwithin a second inner region of the frame and configured to allow thetorque tube to swing in a first direction within the opening and stopagainst the first stop region and swing in a second direction within theopening and stop against the second stop region. In an example, thefirst stop region comprises a first flat region and the second stopregion comprises a second flat region such that the first flat regionand the second flat region are coupled to each other via a continuouslength of metal material having a predefined width configured as aportion of the frame.

In an example, (not shown), the assembly is coupled to a drive deviceconfigured to cause the torque tube to swing in the first direction andswing in the second direction. In an example, the pivot device isconfigured to allow the torque tube to move about an arc direction,while being fixed in other spatial domains. In an example, the pivotdevice comprises a pin structure configured in a sleeve or bearingassembly that is coupled to the frame structure.

FIG. 62 is a top view diagram of a clamp assembly 6200 according to anexample of the present invention. As shown, the pivot device comprises apin structure 6220 configured in a sleeve or bearing assembly, which isfixed on the recessed region (not shown). In an example, the pivotdevice comprising a first U-bolt clamp and a second U-bolt clampcoupling a first portion of the torque tube and a second portion of thetorque tube, respectively. In an example, the pin structure 6220 iscoupling the first U-bolt clamp and the second U-bolt clamp through apair of openings, and is configured normal to a major plane of eachU-bolt clamp. In an example, the pin 6221, which is between each of theU-bolts, is configured to the sleeve or bearing assembly, which iscoupled to a portion of the frame structure 6210, to allow the torquetube to pivot about the pin structure 6220 while the first U-bolt clampand the second U-bolt clamp firmly engage with the first portion of thetorque tube and the second portion of the torque tube. As shown, the pinstructure 6220 is fixed to the U-bolt claims using the pair of openings,and a key placed on each side of the -pin structure to prevent the pinstructure 6220 to slide either direction outside of the U-bolt clamp. Asalso shown, the bearing or sleeve assembly is bolted or fixed to theframe structure 6210. A pair of spacers can be configured on each sideof the recessed regions to maintain the spacing of the pair of U-boltclamps.

FIG. 63 is a front view diagram of a clamp assembly 6200 according to anexample of the present invention. FIG. 64 is a side view diagram of aclamp assembly 6200 according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 65 illustrates a top view diagram of a frame structure 6210 to beconfigured for the clamp assembly 6200 according to an example of thepresent invention. FIG. 66 illustrates a front view diagram of a framestructure 6210 to be configured for the clamp assembly 6200 according toan example of the present invention. FIG. 67 illustrates a side viewdiagram of a frame structure 6210 to be configured for the clampassembly 6200 according to an example of the present invention. FIG. 68is a perspective view of a frame structure 6210 to be configured for theclamp assembly 6200 according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a perspective view of a claim assembly 6900 on a pierstructure according to an example of the present invention. FIG. 70 is atop view diagram of a clamp assembly 7000 on a pier structure accordingto an example of the present invention. FIG. 71 is a front view diagramof a clamp assembly 7100 on a pier structure according to an example ofthe present invention. FIG. 72 is a side view diagram of a clampassembly 7200 on a pier structure according to an example of the presentinvention. As shown, the clamp assembly can be moved about in variousdirections using slotted openings on each of the anchor structures orsupport members. Of course, there can be other variations,modifications, and alternatives.

In an example, the present parts and elements can be made of suitablematerial, such as steel, aluminum, or other alloys. Additionally, suchsteel and/or alloys and/or aluminum can be cast, stamped, or welded, orcombinations thereof. Of course, there can be other variations,modifications, and alternatives. In an example, the drive motor isoperable to move the torque tube about a center of rotation and issubstantially free from a load. In an example, the drive motor moves thetorque tube about the center of rotation at substantially a same forcefrom a first radial position to a second radial position.

As used herein, the terms “first” “second” “third” or “n” are used in amanner that should be broadly interpreted, and do not necessarily implyorder. In an example, the terms can also be used to imply order, or canbe used to imply a similar or same step and/or element. Of course, therecan be other variations, modifications, and alternatives.

In example of a technique that can be employed to shape the variouselements described is a hydro-forming process, which was originallyderived back in Sep. 8, 1959 under U.S. Pat. No. 2,902,962, which ishereby incorporated by reference (the '962 patent), including any andall other patents that have cited the subject '962 patent, titledMACHINES FOR SHAPING HOLLOW TUBULAR OBJECTS filed Jan. 7, 1955, by M. M.GARVIN. The '962 patent relates to a machine for shaping a hollow metaltubular blank in a mold or die, the blank being bulged to the contour ofthe cavity of the mold by supplying increasing volumes of liquid underpressure to the interior of the blank or work piece and supplying metalinto the portion of the blank within the cavity of the mold from anun-deformed portion of the blank to maintain wall thickness in thebulged portion of the blank. Of course, there can be other variations,modifications, and alternatives.

It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein arefor illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changesin light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and areto be included within the spirit and purview of this application andscope of the appended claims.

I claim:
 1. A clamp assembly for a solar tracker comprising: a framehaving a loop structure defining an opening, the opening including afirst stop region and a second stop region, and at least one flat regionextending between the first stop region and the second stop region; ananchor region configured to connect the frame to a support; and a pivotdevice operably connected to the frame and configured to support atorque tube and enable the torque tube to swing within the loopstructure.
 2. The clamp assembly of claim 1, wherein the opening definedby the frame is heart shaped.
 3. The clamp assembly of claim 1, whereinthe opening defined by the frame is butterfly shaped.
 4. The clampassembly of claim 1, wherein the pivot device includes a pin.
 5. Theclamp assembly of claim 4, further comprising a sleeve mounted in thefame and configured to receive the pin.
 6. The clamp assembly of claim4, further comprising a bearing mounted in the fame and configured toreceive the pin.
 7. The clamp assembly of claim 4, further comprising aU-bolt structure secured to the pin and configured to receive the torquetube.
 8. The clamp assembly of claim 7, wherein the U-bolt structureincludes a clamp member configured to receive the pin.
 9. The clampassembly of claim 8, wherein the clamp member includes a protrusionconfigured to engage an opening formed on the torque tube.
 10. The clampassembly of claim 4, wherein the first stop region limits movement ofthe torque tube, rotating about the pin within in the opening, in afirst direction.
 11. The clamp assembly of claim 10, wherein the secondstop region limits movement of the torque tube, rotating about the pinwithin the opening, in a second direction.
 12. A solar trackercomprising: a plurality of clamp assemblies, each clamp assemblyincluding a frame having a loop structure defining an opening, theopening including a first stop region and a second stop region, and atleast one flat region extending between the first stop region and thesecond stop region and an anchor region configured to connect the frameto a support; a torque tube extending between the plurality of clampassemblies; and a pivot device operably connected to the fame andconfigured to support the torque tube and enable the torque tube toswing within the loop structure between the first stop region and thesecond stop region.
 13. The solar tracker of claim 12, wherein the pivotdevice includes a pin.
 14. The solar tracker of claim 12, furthercomprising a sleeve mounted in the fame and configured to receive thepin.
 15. The solar tracker of claim 12, further comprising a bearingmounted in the fame and configured to receive the pin.
 16. The solartracker of claim 12, further comprising a U-bolt structure secured tothe pin and configured to receive the torque tube.
 17. The solar trackerof claim 16, wherein the U-bolt structure includes a clamp memberconfigured to receive the pin.
 18. The solar tracker of claim 17,wherein the clamp member includes a protrusion configured to engage anopening formed on the torque tube.